The Transformation of State Administrative Law in Realizing Transparent and Accountable Digital Government in Indonesia

Abstract

The rapid advancement of digital technology has reshaped the landscape of public administration and challenged existing legal frameworks governing governmental authority and public service delivery. In Indonesia, the implementation of digital government has become a strategic priority to improve transparency, accountability, administrative efficiency, and the quality of public services. This study aims to analyze the transformation of State Administrative Law in supporting the realization of transparent and accountable digital government in Indonesia. The research employs a normative juridical approach by examining constitutional provisions, statutory regulations, legal doctrines, international governance standards, and relevant scholarly literature on State Administrative Law and digital governance. The findings indicate that Indonesia has developed a relatively comprehensive legal foundation for digital government through various legislative and policy instruments, particularly the Electronic-Based Government System (Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik SPBE). Nevertheless, the implementation of digital governance continues to face significant legal and institutional challenges, including regulatory fragmentation, limited interoperability among government institutions, unequal institutional capacity, and the absence of comprehensive legal provisions governing artificial intelligence, automated administrative decision-making, algorithmic accountability, and integrated digital governance. This study argues that the transformation of State Administrative Law should move beyond incremental regulatory adjustments toward a comprehensive legal reconstruction that integrates transparency, accountability, personal data protection, algorithmic governance, interoperability, and meaningful citizen participation. Such legal reform is essential to strengthen democratic governance, enhance legal certainty, protect citizens' constitutional rights, and ensure that Indonesia's digital government develops in accordance with the principles of the Rule of Law and Good Governance.