Negotiating Religious Values in Sustainable Tourism: A Literature Review from the Perspective of Mandalika Destination Development

Abstract

The relationship between religion and tourism has commonly been discussed through the perspectives of halal tourism, tourism impacts, and destination management. However, limited attention has been paid to how religious values are negotiated within the process of sustainable tourism development. This article aims to develop a conceptual understanding of religious value negotiation and to propose a conceptual model that explains the interaction between religious values and sustainable tourism. This study employs a qualitative library research approach by reviewing and synthesizing literature on the sociology of religion, sustainable tourism, community participation, and destination governance. The analysis identifies recurring concepts, patterns, and relationships to construct an integrated conceptual framework. The findings demonstrate that religious value negotiation is a dynamic social process through which communities maintain religious principles while responding to social, cultural, economic, and institutional changes associated with tourism development. Four forms of negotiation are identified, namely adaptive, selective, collaborative, and transformative negotiation. Furthermore, the study proposes a conceptual model showing that sustainable tourism is shaped by the interaction of religious values, economic interests, local culture, and destination governance through continuous negotiation among stakeholders. This article contributes a conceptual framework that enriches sustainable tourism studies by positioning religious value negotiation as a key mechanism for achieving socially inclusive, culturally responsive, and sustainable tourism development.